ÿþ<html lang=eng> <head> <title> Germany History - Flags, Maps, Economy, Geography, Climate, Natural Resources, Current Issues, International Agreements, Population, Social Statistics, Political System </title> <META NAME="Description" CONTENT="Germany History - Flags, Maps, Economy, Geography, Climate, Natural Resources, Current Issues, International Agreements, Population, Social Statistics, Political System, immigration"> <META NAME="keywords" CONTENT="Germany , History, Maps,World,Fact,Book,Geography, Flags, Economy, Climate, Natural; Resources, Current; Issues, Agreements, Population, Ethnic, Divisions, Politics, Constitution, Legal, Social, Statistics, Political, System, Law, immigration"> <STYLE type="text/css"> A:link { color:#003399; } A:visited { color:#003399; } A:hover { color:red; } </STYLE> </head> <!-- <body bgcolor="#ffffcc" background="http://www.photius.com/wfb2001/geobgr2001.gif" bgproperties="fixed"> --> <body bgcolor="#ffffcc" background="http://www.photius.com/wfb1999/images/geobgr2.gif" bgproperties="fixed"> <a name="TOP"> </a> <center> <script type="text/javascript"><!-- google_ad_client = "pub-7437757543052749"; //728x90, created 1/28/08 google_ad_slot = "6589376789"; google_ad_width = 728; google_ad_height = 90; //--></script> <script type="text/javascript" src="http://pagead2.googlesyndication.com/pagead/show_ads.js"> </script> </center> <TABLE width="600" BORDER=0> <tr> <td ALIGN=left VALIGN=top width="150"> <br> . . <a href="http://www.theodora.com/flags"><img src="http://theodora.com/flags/new2/flag_logo.gif" border=1 align=middle alt="Flags of the World"></a> <a href="http://www.theodora.com/maps"><img src="http://photius.com/wfb1999/images/map.gif" border=1 align=middle alt="Maps of All Countries"></a> <font size="2" face="arial"> <b> <li><a href="http://www.theodora.com/wfb"><font color=brown>|Main INDEX|</font></a> <li><a href="http://www.photius.com/rankings/index.html"><font color=brown>Country Ranks</font></a> <ul> <li><a href="germany_introduction.html">Introduction</a> <!-- <li><a href="germany_history_index.html">History</a> --> <li>History</a> <li><a href="germany_geography.html">Geography</a> <li><a href="germany_people.html">People</a> <li><a href="germany_government.html">Government</a><BR> </B>&nbsp;&nbsp;<a href="germany_chiefs.html">Gov. Leaders</a><b> <li><a href="germany_economy.html">Economy</a> <li><a href="germany_communications.html">Communications</a> <li><a href="germany_transportation.html">Transportation</a> <li><a href="germany_military.html">Military</a> <li><a href="germany_issues.html">Transnational Issues</a> <br> <li><a href="http://www.theodora.com/maps">Maps</a> <br> <li><a href="http://www.theodora.com/flags">Flags</a> <br> <li><a href="http://www.theodora.com/wfb/wfb2000/definitions.html">DEFINITIONS</a> <br><br> . <A href="http://www.workmall.com/workmall_fb.html">Feedback</a> <br><br> =========== <br><br> </ul> </b> </font> </td> <td ALIGN="left" VALIGN="top" width="450"> <!-- <a href="http://www.geographic.org"><img src="http://www.photius.com/wfb2001/tab2001g.gif" border="0" width="203" height="30" alt = "geographic.org Home Page" align="middle"></a><a href="http://www.theodora.com/wfb/2001/wfb_2001.html"><img src="http://www.photius.com/wfb2001/tab2001l.gif" border="0" alt="Country Index" align="middle" width="196" height="30"></a> --> <a href="http://www.geographic.org"><img src="http://www.photius.com/wfb1999/images/geogrtab3.gif" border="0" width="203" height="30"alt = "; geographic.org; Home; Page; " align="middle"></a><a href="http://www.theodora.com/wfb"><img src="http://www.photius.com/wfb1999/images/geogrtab4.gif" border="0" alt="Country Index" align="middle" width="196" height="30"></a> <center> <br> <font color="669933" size="+2" face="arial"><b>Germany </b> History Index</font> <br> <font size = "-2"> http://workmall.com/wfb2001/germany/germany_history_index.html </font> <br> <font size="-2"><B>Source: The Library of Congress Country Studies</B></FONT> </FONT> <ul> </center> <ul> <font face="arial"> <UL><LI><A HREF='germany_history_introduction.html'>History Introduction</A> <LI><A HREF='germany_history_historical_setting_early_history_to_1945.html'>Historical Setting: Early History to 1945</A> <UL><LI><A HREF='germany_history_early_history.html'>Early History</A> <LI><A HREF='germany_history_medieval_germany.html'>Medieval Germany</A> <UL><LI><A HREF='germany_history_the_merovingian_dynasty_ca_500_751.html'>The Merovingian Dynasty, ca. 500-751</A> <LI><A HREF='germany_history_the_carolingian_dynasty_752_911.html'>The Carolingian Dynasty, 752-911</A> <LI><A HREF='germany_history_the_saxon_dynasty_919_1024.html'>The Saxon Dynasty, 919-1024</A> <LI><A HREF='germany_history_the_salian_dynasty_1024_1125.html'>The Salian Dynasty, 1024-1125</A> <LI><A HREF='germany_history_the_hohenstaufen_dynasty_1138_1254.html'>The Hohenstaufen Dynasty, 1138-1254</A> <LI><A HREF='germany_history_the_empire_under_the_early_habsburgs.html'>The Empire under the Early Habsburgs</A> </UL><LI><A HREF='germany_history_the_protestant_reformation.html'>The Protestant Reformation</A> <UL><LI><A HREF='germany_history_martin_luther.html'>Martin Luther</A> <LI><A HREF='germany_history_resistance_to_lutheranism.html'>Resistance to Lutheranism</A> <LI><A HREF='germany_history_the_peace_of_augsburg.html'>The Peace of Augsburg</A> </UL><LI><A HREF='germany_history_the_thirty_years_war_1618_48.html'>The Thirty Years' War, 1618-48</A> <UL><LI><A HREF='germany_history_the_counter_reformation_and_religious_tensions.html'>The Counter-Reformation and Religious Tensions</A> <LI><A HREF='germany_history_military_campaigns.html'>Military Campaigns</A> <LI><A HREF='germany_history_the_peace_of_westphalia.html'>The Peace of Westphalia</A> </UL><LI><A HREF='germany_history_the_age_of_enlightened_absolutism_1648_1789.html'>The Age of Enlightened Absolutism, 1648-1789</A> <UL><LI><A HREF='germany_history_austria_and_prussia.html'>Austria and Prussia</A> <LI><A HREF='germany_history_the_smaller_states.html'>The Smaller States</A> </UL><LI><A HREF='germany_history_the_french_revolution_and_germany.html'>The French Revolution and Germany</A> <LI><A HREF='germany_history_the_german_confederation_1815_66.html'>The German Confederation, 1815-66</A> <UL><LI><A HREF='germany_history_economic_and_political_trends_toward_unification.html'>Economic and Political Trends Toward Unification</A> <LI><A HREF='germany_history_the_revolutions_of_1848.html'>The Revolutions of 1848</A> <LI><A HREF='germany_history_the_restoration.html'>The Restoration</A> </UL><LI><A HREF='germany_history_bismarck_and_unification.html'>Bismarck and Unification</A> <LI><A HREF='germany_history_imperial_germany.html'>Imperial Germany</A> <UL><LI><A HREF='germany_history_political_parties.html'>Political Parties</A> <LI><A HREF='germany_history_the_economy_and_population_growth.html'>The Economy and Population Growth</A> <LI><A HREF='germany_history_the_tariff_agreement_of_1879_and_its_social_consequences.html'>The Tariff Agreement of 1879 and Its Social Consequences</A> <LI><A HREF='germany_history_bismarcks_foreign_policy.html'>Bismarck's Foreign Policy</A> <LI><A HREF='germany_history_foreign_policy_in_the_wilhelmine_era.html'>Foreign Policy in the Wilhelmine Era</A> <LI><A HREF='germany_history_world_war_i.html'>World War I</A> </UL><LI><A HREF='germany_history_the_weimar_republic_1918_33.html'>The Weimar Republic, 1918-33</A> <UL><LI><A HREF='germany_history_the_weimar_constitution.html'>The Weimar Constitution</A> <LI><A HREF='germany_history_problems_of_parliamentary_politics.html'>Problems of Parliamentary Politics</A> <LI><A HREF='germany_history_the_stresemann_era.html'>The Stresemann Era</A> <LI><A HREF='germany_history_hitler_and_the_rise_of_national_socialism.html'>Hitler and the Rise of National Socialism</A> </UL><LI><A HREF='germany_history_the_third_reich_1933_45.html'>The Third Reich, 1933-45</A> <UL><LI><A HREF='germany_history_the_consolidation_of_power.html'>The Consolidation of Power</A> <LI><A HREF='germany_history_foreign_policy.html'>Foreign Policy</A> <LI><A HREF='germany_history_the_outbreak_of_world_war_ii.html'>The Outbreak of World War II</A> <LI><A HREF='germany_history_total_mobilization_resistance_and_the_holocaust.html'>Total Mobilization, Resistance, and the Holocaust</A> <LI><A HREF='germany_history_defeat.html'>Defeat</A> </UL></UL><LI><A HREF='germany_history_historical_setting_1945_to_1990.html'>Historical Setting: 1945 to 1990</A> <UL><LI><A HREF='germany_history_postwar_occupation_and_division.html'>Postwar Occupation and Division</A> <UL><LI><A HREF='germany_history_the_establishment_of_occupation_zones.html'>The Establishment of Occupation Zones</A> <LI><A HREF='germany_history_the_nuremberg_trials_and_denazification.html'>The Nuremberg Trials and Denazification</A> <LI><A HREF='germany_history_political_parties_and_democratization.html'>Political Parties and Democratization</A> <LI><A HREF='germany_history_the_creation_of_the_bizone.html'>The Creation of the Bizone</A> <LI><A HREF='germany_history_the_birth_of_the_federal_republic_of_germany.html'>The Birth of the Federal Republic of Germany</A> <LI><A HREF='germany_history_the_birth_of_the_german_democratic_republic.html'>The Birth of the German Democratic Republic</A> </UL><LI><A HREF='germany_history_west_germany_and_the_community_of_nations.html'>West Germany and the Community of Nations</A> <UL><LI><A HREF='germany_history_rearmament_and_the_european_defense_community.html'>Rearmament and the European Defense Community</A> <LI><A HREF='germany_history_social_market_economy.html'>Social Market Economy </A> <LI><A HREF='germany_history_ludwig_erhard_and_the_grand_coalition.html'>Ludwig Erhard and the Grand Coalition</A> </UL><LI><A HREF='germany_history_the_ulbricht_era_1949_71.html'>The Ulbricht Era, 1949-71 </A> <UL><LI><A HREF='germany_history_consolidation_of_the_new_state.html'>Consolidation of the New State</A> <LI><A HREF='germany_history_planned_economy.html'>Planned Economy </A> <LI><A HREF='germany_history_the_warsaw_pact_and_the_national_peoples_army.html'>The Warsaw Pact and the National People's Army</A> <LI><A HREF='germany_history_the_berlin_wall.html'>The Berlin Wall</A> <LI><A HREF='germany_history_the_socialist_state_of_the_german_nation.html'>The "Socialist State of the German Nation" </A> </UL><LI><A HREF='germany_history_the_social_democratic_free_democratic_coalition_1969_82.html'>The Social Democratic-Free Democratic Coalition, 1969-82</A> <UL><LI><A HREF='germany_history_willy_brandt.html'>Willy Brandt </A> <LI><A HREF='germany_history_ostpolitik.html'>Ostpolitik </A> <LI><A HREF='germany_history_helmut_schmidt.html'>Helmut Schmidt </A> <LI><A HREF='germany_history_the_student_movement_and_terrorism.html'>The Student Movement and Terrorism</A> <LI><A HREF='germany_history_the_greens.html'>The Greens</A> </UL><LI><A HREF='germany_history_the_christian_democratic_christian_socialist_free_democratic_coalition_1983_.html'>The Christian Democratic/Christian Socialist-Free Democratic Coalition, 1983- </A> <LI><A HREF='germany_history_the_honecker_era_1971_89.html'>The Honecker Era, 1971-89</A> <UL><LI><A HREF='germany_history_the_conference_on_security_and_cooperation_in_europe.html'>The Conference on Security and Cooperation in Europe</A> <LI><A HREF='germany_history_the_new_east_german_constitution_and_the_question_of_identity.html'>The New East German Constitution and the Question of Identity</A> <LI><A HREF='germany_history_relations_between_the_two_germanys.html'>Relations Between the Two Germanys </A> <LI><A HREF='germany_history_the_peace_movement_and_internal_resistance.html'>The Peace Movement and Internal Resistance</A> <LI><A HREF='germany_history_the_last_days_of_east_germany.html'>The Last Days of East Germany </A> </UL><LI><A HREF='germany_history_opening_of_the_berlin_wall_and_unification.html'>Opening of the Berlin Wall and Unification</A> </UL></UL></font> <BR> <P> <font size = "-2"<B> NOTE: The information regarding Germany on this page is re-published from The Library of Congress Country Studies. No claims are made regarding the accuracy of Germany History information contained here. All suggestions for corrections of any errors about Germany History should be addressed to the Library of Congress. </B></font> </tr> </table> </center> </font> </ul> </td> </tr> </table> </center> <center> <a href="http://photius.com/wfb1999/adpages/govad4.html"><img src="http://photius.com/wfb1999/banners/govad4.gif" border="0" width="468" height="60" alt="Support Our Sponsor" align="middle"></a> <br> <br> <a href="http://photius.com/wfb1999/adpages/govad5.html"><img src="http://photius.com/wfb1999/banners/govad5.gif" border=0 align=middle alt="Support Our Sponsor"></a> <BR><br> <b> <font color="#ff0000"> <MARQUEE WIDTH=50% BGCOLOR="#ffffff">Please put this page in your BOOKMARKS - - - - - </MARQUEE> </font> </b> <br> <script type="text/javascript"><!-- google_ad_client = "pub-7437757543052749"; google_ad_width = 728; google_ad_height = 90; google_ad_format = "728x90_as"; google_ad_type = "text_image"; //2007-03-24: wfb2001 google_ad_channel = "7899360399"; //--> </script> <script type="text/javascript" src="http://pagead2.googlesyndication.com/pagead/show_ads.js"> </script> </center> <br> <center> <br> <script type="text/javascript"><!-- google_ad_client = "pub-7437757543052749"; google_ad_width = 300; google_ad_height = 250; google_ad_format = "300x250_as"; google_ad_type = "text_image"; google_ad_channel ="2586070806"; google_color_border = "B4D0DC"; google_color_bg = "ECF8FF"; google_color_link = "0000CC"; google_color_url = "008000"; google_color_text = "6F6F6F"; //--></script> <script type="text/javascript" src="http://pagead2.googlesyndication.com/pagead/show_ads.js"> </script> <br> </center> <center> http://workmall.com/wfb2001/germany/germany_history_index.html </center> <center> <br> Revised 04-Jul-02 <br>Copyright &copy; 2001 <a href="http://www.photius.com/">Photius Coutsoukis</a> (all rights reserved) <br><br><br> <img src="http://www.theodora.com/clients/shpigler/pixel.gif" width="200" height="1"> <img src="http://www.bestweb.net/cgi-bin/Count.cgi?trgb=ffffff&ft=0&df=Germany _History.dat&dd=E"><font size="-2">ctr12/21/01</font> </center> </body> </html>