Seventeenth-century painting depicting Saint George and the dragon, in the church of Debre Birhan Selassie in Gonder.
Courtesy United Nations Educational, Scientific, and Cultural Organization (R. Garraud)

After the mid-nineteenth century, the different regions of the Gonder state were gradually reintegrated to form the nucleus of a modern state by strong monarchs such as Tewodros II, Yohannis IV, and Menelik II, who resisted the gradual expansion of European control in the Red Sea area and at the same time staved off a number of other challenges to the integrity of the reunited kingdom.

Data as of 1991