Population:
82,329,758 (July 2009 est.)

Age structure:
0-14 years: 13.7% (male 5,768,366/female 5,470,516)
15-64 years: 66.1% (male 27,707,761/female 26,676,759)
65 years and over: 20.3% (male 7,004,805/female 9,701,551) (2009 est.)

Median age:
total: 43.8 years
male: 42.6 years
female: 45.2 years (2009 est.)

Population growth rate:
-0.053% (2009 est.)

Birth rate:
8.18 births/1,000 population (2009 est.)

Death rate:
10.9 deaths/1,000 population (July 2009 est.)

Net migration rate:
2.19 migrant(s)/1,000 population (2009 est.)

Urbanization:
urban population: 74% of total population (2008)
rate of urbanization: 0.1% annual rate of change (2005-10 est.)

Sex ratio:
at birth: 1.06 male(s)/female
under 15 years: 1.05 male(s)/female
15-64 years: 1.04 male(s)/female
65 years and over: 0.72 male(s)/female
total population: 0.97 male(s)/female (2009 est.)

Infant mortality rate:
total: 3.99 deaths/1,000 live births
male: 4.41 deaths/1,000 live births
female: 3.55 deaths/1,000 live births (2009 est.)

Life expectancy at birth:
total population: 79.26 years
male: 76.26 years
female: 82.42 years (2009 est.)

Total fertility rate:
1.41 children born/woman (2009 est.)

HIV/AIDS - adult prevalence rate:
0.1% (2007 est.)

HIV/AIDS - people living with HIV/AIDS:
53,000 (2007 est.)

HIV/AIDS - deaths:
fewer than 500 (2007 est.)

Nationality:
noun: German(s)
adjective: German

Ethnic groups:
German 91.5%, Turkish 2.4%, other 6.1% (made up largely of Greek, Italian, Polish, Russian, Serbo-Croatian, Spanish)

Religions:
Protestant 34%, Roman Catholic 34%, Muslim 3.7%, unaffiliated or other 28.3%

Languages:
German

Literacy:
definition: age 15 and over can read and write
total population: 99%
male: 99%
female: 99% (2003 est.)

School life expectancy (primary to tertiary education):
total: 16 years
male: 16 years
female: 16 years (2006)

Education expenditures:
4.6% of GDP (2004)

People - note:
second most populous country in Europe after Russia