Population:
174,578,558 (July 2009 est.)

Age structure:
0-14 years: 37.2% (male 33,739,547/female 31,868,065)
15-64 years: 58.6% (male 52,849,607/female 50,378,198)
65 years and over: 4.2% (male 3,475,927/female 3,931,605) (2009 est.)

Median age:
total: 20.8 years
male: 20.6 years
female: 21 years (2009 est.)

Population growth rate:
1.555% (2009 est.)

Birth rate:
25.89 births/1,000 population (2009 est.)

Death rate:
7.21 deaths/1,000 population (July 2009 est.)

Net migration rate:
-3.13 migrant(s)/1,000 population (2009 est.)

Urbanization:
urban population: 36% of total population (2008)
rate of urbanization: 3% annual rate of change (2005-10 est.)

Sex ratio:
at birth: 1.05 male(s)/female
under 15 years: 1.06 male(s)/female
15-64 years: 1.05 male(s)/female
65 years and over: 0.88 male(s)/female
total population: 1.04 male(s)/female (2009 est.)

Infant mortality rate:
total: 67.36 deaths/1,000 live births
male: 70.65 deaths/1,000 live births
female: 63.91 deaths/1,000 live births (2009 est.)

Life expectancy at birth:
total population: 65.26 years
male: 63.51 years
female: 67.11 years (2009 est.)

Total fertility rate:
3.43 children born/woman (2009 est.)

HIV/AIDS - adult prevalence rate:
0.1% (2007 est.)

HIV/AIDS - people living with HIV/AIDS:
96,000 (2007 est.)

HIV/AIDS - deaths:
5,100 (2007 est.)

Major infectious diseases:
degree of risk: high
food or waterborne diseases: bacterial diarrhea, hepatitis A and E, and typhoid fever
vectorborne diseases: dengue fever and malaria
animal contact disease: rabies
note: highly pathogenic H5N1 avian influenza has been identified in this country; it poses a negligible risk with extremely rare cases possible among US citizens who have close contact with birds (2009)

Nationality:
noun: Pakistani(s)
adjective: Pakistani

Ethnic groups:
Punjabi 44.68%, Pashtun (Pathan) 15.42%, Sindhi 14.1%, Sariaki 8.38%, Muhagirs 7.57%, Balochi 3.57%, other 6.28%

Religions:
Muslim 95% (Sunni 75%, Shia 20%), other (includes Christian and Hindu) 5%

Languages:
Punjabi 48%, Sindhi 12%, Siraiki (a Punjabi variant) 10%, Pashtu 8%, Urdu (official) 8%, Balochi 3%, Hindko 2%, Brahui 1%, English (official; lingua franca of Pakistani elite and most government ministries), Burushaski, and other 8%

Literacy:
definition: age 15 and over can read and write
total population: 49.9%
male: 63%
female: 36% (2005 est.)

School life expectancy (primary to tertiary education):
total: 7 years
male: 7 years
female: 6 years (2006)

Education expenditures:
2.6% of GDP (2006)