Population:
40,525,002 (July 2009 est.)

Age structure:
0-14 years: 14.5% (male 3,021,822/female 2,842,597)
15-64 years: 67.4% (male 13,705,107/female 13,601,399)
65 years and over: 18.1% (male 3,071,394/female 4,282,683) (2009 est.)

Median age:
total: 41.1 years
male: 39.7 years
female: 42.5 years (2009 est.)

Population growth rate:
0.072% (2009 est.)

Birth rate:
9.72 births/1,000 population (2009 est.)

Death rate:
9.99 deaths/1,000 population (July 2009 est.)

Net migration rate:
0.99 migrant(s)/1,000 population (2009 est.)

Urbanization:
urban population: 77% of total population (2008)
rate of urbanization: 0.9% annual rate of change (2005-10 est.)

Sex ratio:
at birth: 1.07 male(s)/female
under 15 years: 1.06 male(s)/female
15-64 years: 1.01 male(s)/female
65 years and over: 0.72 male(s)/female
total population: 0.96 male(s)/female (2009 est.)

Infant mortality rate:
total: 4.21 deaths/1,000 live births
male: 4.59 deaths/1,000 live births
female: 3.8 deaths/1,000 live births (2009 est.)

Life expectancy at birth:
total population: 80.05 years
male: 76.74 years
female: 83.57 years (2009 est.)

Total fertility rate:
1.31 children born/woman (2009 est.)

HIV/AIDS - adult prevalence rate:
0.5% (2007 est.)

HIV/AIDS - people living with HIV/AIDS:
140,000 (2007 est.)

HIV/AIDS - deaths:
2,300 (2007 est.)

Nationality:
noun: Spaniard(s)
adjective: Spanish

Ethnic groups:
composite of Mediterranean and Nordic types

Religions:
Roman Catholic 94%, other 6%

Languages:
Castilian Spanish (official) 74%, Catalan 17%, Galician 7%, Basque 2%, are official regionally

Literacy:
definition: age 15 and over can read and write
total population: 97.9%
male: 98.7%
female: 97.2% (2003 est.)

School life expectancy (primary to tertiary education):
total: 16 years
male: 16 years
female: 17 years (2006)

Education expenditures:
4.2% of GDP (2005)