Population:
88,576,758 (July 2009 est.)

Age structure:
0-14 years: 24.9% (male 11,230,402/female 10,423,901)
15-64 years: 69.4% (male 29,971,088/female 30,356,393)
65 years and over: 5.7% (male 1,920,043/female 3,065,697) (2009 est.)

Median age:
total: 27.4 years
male: 26.4 years
female: 28.5 years (2009 est.)

Population growth rate:
1.137% (2009 est.)

Birth rate:
17.73 births/1,000 population (2009 est.)

Death rate:
5.98 deaths/1,000 population (July 2009 est.)

Net migration rate:
-0.38 migrant(s)/1,000 population (2009 est.)

Urbanization:
urban population: 28% of total population (2008)
rate of urbanization: 3.1% annual rate of change (2005-10 est.)

Sex ratio:
at birth: 1.07 male(s)/female
under 15 years: 1.08 male(s)/female
15-64 years: 0.99 male(s)/female
65 years and over: 0.63 male(s)/female
total population: 0.98 male(s)/female (2009 est.)

Infant mortality rate:
total: 22.26 deaths/1,000 live births
male: 22.64 deaths/1,000 live births
female: 21.84 deaths/1,000 live births (2009 est.)

Life expectancy at birth:
total population: 71.71 years
male: 69.24 years
female: 74.45 years (2009 est.)

Total fertility rate:
1.98 children born/woman (2009 est.)

HIV/AIDS - adult prevalence rate:
0.5% (2007 est.)

HIV/AIDS - people living with HIV/AIDS:
290,000 (2007 est.)

HIV/AIDS - deaths:
24,000 (2007 est.)

Major infectious diseases:
degree of risk: high
food or waterborne diseases: bacterial diarrhea, hepatitis A, and typhoid fever
vectorborne diseases: dengue fever, malaria, Japanese encephalitis, and plague
water contact disease: leptospirosis
note: highly pathogenic H5N1 avian influenza has been identified in this country; it poses a negligible risk with extremely rare cases possible among US citizens who have close contact with birds (2009)

Nationality:
noun: Vietnamese (singular and plural)
adjective: Vietnamese

Ethnic groups:
Kinh (Viet) 86.2%, Tay 1.9%, Thai 1.7%, Muong 1.5%, Khome 1.4%, Hoa 1.1%, Nun 1.1%, Hmong 1%, others 4.1% (1999 census)

Religions:
Buddhist 9.3%, Catholic 6.7%, Hoa Hao 1.5%, Cao Dai 1.1%, Protestant 0.5%, Muslim 0.1%, none 80.8% (1999 census)

Languages:
Vietnamese (official), English (increasingly favored as a second language), some French, Chinese, and Khmer; mountain area languages (Mon-Khmer and Malayo-Polynesian)

Literacy:
definition: age 15 and over can read and write
total population: 90.3%
male: 93.9%
female: 86.9% (2002 est.)

School life expectancy (primary to tertiary education):
total: 10 years
male: 11 years
female: 10 years (2000)

Education expenditures:
1.8% of GDP (1991)